Compiled Family-Level Extant Phylogeny

 

This phylogeny is based off work done for the UC Museum of Paleontology in 2008. A work in progress, the objective is to complete the phylogeny to "family" for all extant groups, to order for extinct lineages. This is a multi-year task, and too big for one person. If you have a minute, please consider contributing to the project. Even just common name tags for nodes are very helpful!

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Systematics for this phylogeny: The following phylogeny consists of a well-accepted phylogenetic layout of animals, going until extant families. Low-level (i.e., more specific) nodes have common names first, with taxonomic names in parenthesis for ease of the general public. Placement of a node is based on a composite by the sources cited at the bottom, with the most recent publication taking precedence. The only non-peer reviewed source is the "Tree of Life" project, which itself cites its phylogenies; however, due to its dynamical nature, it is the last resource used.

A resolved phylogeny, even if speculative, is given priority to a phylogeny which contains polytomies.

How to use and read: To recollapse a portion of the tree, just click on it again. A "?" in front of a name indicates that its phylogenetic placement is uncertain, and a dagger () indicates that the node and all its descendants are extinct. A "*" indicates that the node is known to be paraphyletic, and "**" indicates that an uncertain number of its child nodes are known to be paraphyletic (though the main node is not). Three stars (***) indicate both of these conditions.

Searching for a node highlights its child nodes in a box. Making this more general is a work in progress.

Linking: Since this project is constantly expanding, links to a particular node may not be stable in the long run. For stable links, use the search function to get to a node you want, and use the resulting permalink.

 

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Metazoa / Coelomata

reptile,reptilia",3)); if ($_REQUEST['3']!="") { openphylo("Diapsida"); openphylo("Neodiapsida"); openphylo("Sauria"); //Begin untabbed openphylo("Archosauromorpha"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Archosauria",4)); if ($_REQUEST['4']!="") { openphylo("Avesuchia"); // openphylo("Ornithodira"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Dinosauria",5)); if ($_REQUEST['5']!="") { openphylo(cladecollapse("Saurischia",6)); if ($_REQUEST['6']!="") { openphylo(cladecollapse("Theropoda",7)); if ($_REQUEST['7']!="") { openphylo("Tetanurae"); openphylo("Avetheropoda / Neotetanurae"); openphylo("Coelurosauriafeathers"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Maniraptoraraptors"); openphylo("Eumaniraptora"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Avialaebirds",8)); if ($_REQUEST['8']!="") { openphylo("Aves"); openphylo("Pygostylia"); openphylo("Ornithothoraces"); openphylo("Ornithomorpha"); openphylo("Ornithurae"); openphylo("Carinatae"); openphylo("Neornithes"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Neognathae",9)); if ($_REQUEST['9']!="") { openphylo("Neoaves**"); openphylo("'Land Birds'"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Passeriformes"); openphylo("Oscines"); closephylo("Suboscines"); closephylo("Psittaciformes"); buildendoutgroup("Falconiformes"); singlephylo("Falconidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Cariamae"); openphylo("$extinct Phorusrhacidaeterror bird"); closephylo("Seriemas (Cariamidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Coraciiformes"); openphylo("Classical coraciiformes*"); closephylo("Piciformes"); closephylo("Bucerotiformes"); closephylo("Trogoniformes"); closephylo("Cuckoo roller (Leptosomatidae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Coliiformes"); closephylo("Stirigiformes"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Accipitriformes"); closephylo("New world vultures (Cathartidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Charadriiformes"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("'Water birds'"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Procellariiformes"); buildendoutgroup("Sphenisciformes"); singleoutgroup("Penguins (Spheniscidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Pelecaniiformes"); openphylo("Classical pelecaniiformes*"); closephylo("Ciconiiformes*"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Gaviiformes"); closephylo("Musophagiformes"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Gruiformes"); closephylo("Cuculiformes"); closephylo("Otididae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Opisthocomiformes"); singlephylo("Hoatzin (Opisthocomidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Caprimulgiformes"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Apodiformes"); closephylo("Owlet-nightjars (Aegothelidae)"); closephylo("Classical caprimulgiformes*"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Sunbittern (Eurypygidae)"); closephylo("Kagu (Rhynochetidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Columbiformes"); closephylo("Mesites (Mesitornithidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Pteroclidiformes"); singlephylo("Sandgrouse (Pteroclididae)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Tropicbirds (Phaethontidae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Phoenicopteriformes"); closephylo("Podicepidiformes"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); //End Neoaves [accidental overindent] buildendoutgroup("Galloanserae"); openphylo("Galliformes"); openphylo("Incomplete"); closephylo("Incomplete"); buildendoutgroup("Anseriformes"); openphylo("Incomplete"); closephylo("Incomplete"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup("Palaeognathaepaleognath,ratite"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Cassowaries (Casuariidae)"); closephylo("Emu (Dromaiidae)"); closephylo("Kiwis (Apteryigidae)"); closephylo("$extinct Dinornithidae"); buildendoutgroup("Tinamformes"); openphylo("Aridland tinamous (Nothurinae)"); closephylo("Forest tinamous (Tinaminae)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Rheas (Rheidae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Struthiolithus"); closephylo("$extinct Aepyornithidae"); closephylo("Ostriches (Struthionidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Ichthyornis"); closephylo("$extinct Hesperornis"); closephylo("$extinct Patagopteryx"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Enantiornithes"); openphylo("$extinct Euenantiornithes"); openphylo("$extinct Sinornis"); closephylo("$extinct Gobipteryx"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Noguerornis"); closephylo("$extinct Iberomesornis"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Confusiusornithidae"); closephylo("$extinct Archaeopteryx"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Alvarezsauridae"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Mononykus"); closephylo("$extinct Shuvuuia"); closephylo("$extinct Patagonykus"); closephylo("$extinct Alvarezsaurus"); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup("$extinct Deinonychosauriaraptors"); openphylo("$extinct Dromaeosauridaevelociraptor,deinonychus,utahraptor"); closephylo("$extinct Troodontidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Oviraptorosauria"); closephylo("$extinct Therizinosauroidea"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Ornithomimosauria"); closephylo("$extinct Tyrannosauroidea"); closephylo("$extinct Compsognathidae"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Carnosauria"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Allosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Sinraptoridae"); closephylo("$extinct Carcharodontosauridae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Spinosauroidea"); closephylo("$extinct Szechuanosaurus"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Ceratosauria"); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("$extinct Sauropodomorpha",10)); if ($_REQUEST['10']!="") { //Sauropodomomorpha openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Anchisauria"); openphylo("$extinct Sauropoda"); openphylo("$extinct Eusauropoda"); openphylo("$extinct Neosauropoda"); openphylo("$extinct Macronaria"); openphylo("$extinct Camarasauromorpha"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Titanosauriformes"); openphylo("$extinct Titanosauria"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Saltasauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Titanosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Malawisaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Phuwiangosaurus"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Brachiosauridae"); openphylo("$extinct Brachiosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Girraffatitan"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Camarasauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Jobaria"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Diplodocoidea"); openphylo("$extinct Flagellicaudata"); openphylo("$extinct Dicraeosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Diplodocidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Nigersaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Rebbachisaurus"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Mamenchisauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Cetiosauridae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Anchisauridae"); buildoutgroup("$extinct Melanorosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Aardonyx"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Prosauropoda"); openphylo("$extinct Plateosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Massospondylidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Saturnalia"); } closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("$extinct Ornithischia",11)); if ($_REQUEST['11']!="") { openphylo("$extinct Cerapoda"); openphylo("$extinct Ornithopoda"); openphylo("$extinct Euornithopoda"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Hadrosauridaeduck,billed,duck-billed"); buildoutgroup("$extinct Iguanodon"); closephylo("$extinct Ouranosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Hypsilophodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Heterodontosauridae"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Marginocephalia"); openphylo("$extinct Pachycephalosauriapachycephalosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Ceratopsiatriceratops,styracosaurus,protoceratops"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Thyreophora"); openphylo("$extinct Stegosauriastegosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Ankylosauriaarmor,club"); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); } //build collapse here buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("$extinct Pterosauria",12)); if ($_REQUEST['12']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Pterodactyloidea"); openphylo("$extinct Lophocratia"); openphylo("$extinct Ctenochasmatoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Pterodactylus"); buildoutgroup("$extinct Lonchodectidae"); closephylo("$extinct Ctenochasmatidae"); closephylo("$extinct Cycnorhamphus"); buildoutgroup("$extinct Azhdarchoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Tupuxvara"); closephylo("$extinct Azhdarchidae"); closephylo("$extinct Tapejaridae"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Dsungaripteroidea"); openphylo("$extinct Germanodactylus"); closephylo("$extinct Dsungaripteridae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Ornithocheiroidea"); openphylo("$extinct Euornithocheiroidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Pteranodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Nyctosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Ornithocheiridae"); closephylo("$extinct Istiodactylidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Scaphognathidae"); closephylo("$extinct Rhamphorhynchinae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Campylognathoididae"); closephylo("$extinct Anurognathidae"); closephylo("$extinct Dimorphodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Preondactylus"); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Crurotarsi"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Crocodylomorpha",13)); if ($_REQUEST['13']!="") { openphylo("Crocodylia"); openphylo("Mesoeucrocodylia"); openphylo("Metasuchia"); openphylo("Neosuchia"); openphylo("Eusuchia"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Crocodiles (Crocodylidae)"); closephylo("Gharial and False Gharial (Gavialidae)"); closephylo("Alligators (Alligatoridae)"); closephylo("$extinct Bernissartia"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Goniopholidiae"); closephylo("$extinct Dyrosauridae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Notosuchidae"); closephylo("$extinct Thalattosuchia"); closephylo("$extinct Sphenosuchidae"); } buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Rauisuchia *"); buildoutgroup("$extinct Ornithosuchidae"); closephylo("$extinct Stagonolepididae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Phytosauria"); closeoutgroup(); // Indenting error closephylo("$extinct Euparkeria"); } closephylo("$extinct Prolacertiformes"); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Lepidosauromorpha",14)); if ($_REQUEST['14']!="") { openphylo(cladecollapse("Lepidosauria",15)); if ($_REQUEST['15']!="") { openphylo("Squamatalizards,snakes"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Scleroglossa",16)); if ($_REQUEST['16']!="") { openphylo("Autarchoglossa"); openphylo("Scincomorpha"); openphylo("Lacertoidea"); openphylo("Lacertiformes"); openphylo("Teioidea"); openphylo("Gymnopthalmidae"); closephylo("Teiidae"); closephylo("Larcertidae"); closephylo("Xantusiidae"); buildendoutgroup("Scincoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Cordylidae"); closephylo("Gerrhosauridae"); closephylo("Scincidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Anguimorpha"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Anguidae"); closephylo("Xenosauridae"); closephylo("Shinisauridae"); buildoutgroup(" $extinct Mosasauridae"); buildendoutgroup("Varanoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Monitor Lizards (Varanidae)"); closephylo("Lanthanotidae"); closephylo("Gila Monsters (Helodermatidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); buildoutgroup(cladecollapse("? Serpentessnakes",17)); if ($_REQUEST['17']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Alethinophidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Macrostomata"); //openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Caenophidia"); openphylo("Colubroidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Atractaspididae"); closephylo("Boodontidae"); closephylo("Elapidae"); closephylo("Colubridae *"); closephylo("Homalopsidae"); closephylo("Viperidae"); closephylo("Pareatidae"); closephylo("Xenodermatidae"); closephylo("Acrochordidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Boidae"); closephylo("Calabariidae"); closephylo("Bolyeriidae"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Pythonidae"); closephylo("Loxocemidae"); closephylo("Xenopeltidae"); closephylo("Uropeltidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Xenophidiidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Aniliidae"); closephylo("Tropidophiidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Anomochilidae"); closephylo("Anomalepididae"); buildendoutgroup("Scolecophidea"); openphylo("Leptotyphlopidae"); closephylo("Typhlopidae"); closeoutgroup(); } buildoutgroup("? Amphisbaenia"); closephylo("Geckos (Gekkonidae)"); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Iguania",18)); if ($_REQUEST['18']!="") { openphylo("Iguanidae"); openphylo("Corytophaninae"); buildoutgroup("Crotaphytinae"); buildoutgroup("Hoplocercinae"); buildoutgroup("Iguaninae"); buildoutgroup("Oplurinae"); buildoutgroup("Phyrnosomatinae"); buildoutgroup("Polychrotinae"); closephylo("Tropidurinae^*"); buildendoutgroup("Acrodonta"); openphylo("Agamidae^*"); closephylo("Chamaeleonidae"); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Rhynchocephalia"); singlephylo("Tuatara (Sphenodontidae)"); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("$extinct Sauropterygiamarine reptile",19)); if ($_REQUEST['19']!="") { openphylo("$extinct Eosauropterygia"); openphylo("$extinct Eusauropterygia"); openphylo("$extinct Pistosauroidea"); openphylo("$extinct Pistosauria"); openphylo("$extinct Plesiosauria"); openphylo("$extinct Pliosauroidea"); openphylo("$extinct Pliosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Rhomaleosauridae"); buildendoutgroup("$extinct Plesiosauroidea"); openphylo("$extinct Euplesiosauria"); openphylo("$extinct Cryptocleidoidea"); openphylo("$extinct Tricleidia"); openphylo("$extinct Polycotylidae"); closephylo("$extinct Cimoliasauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Cryptoclididae"); closephylo("$extinct Elasmosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Plesiosauridae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Pistosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Corosaurus"); closephylo("$extinct Nothosauria"); closephylo("$extinct Pachypleurosauria"); buildoutgroup("? $extinct Placodontia"); closephylo("? $extinct Thalattosauriformes"); } closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); closephylo("? $extinct Icthyosauria"); closephylo("$extinct Araeoscelidia"); buildendoutgroup("? Anapsida"); //end untabbed openphylo("Parareptilae"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Procolophonia"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo(cladecollapse("? Testudinesturtle,tortoise",20)); if ($_REQUEST['20']!="") { openphylo("Casichelydia"); openphylo("Cryptodira"); openphylo("Testudinoidea"); openphylo("Testudinoidae"); openphylo("Testudinidae"); closephylo("Bataguridae"); closephylo("Emydidae"); buildoutgroup("Trionychoidae"); openphylo("Trionychidae"); closephylo("Carettochelyidae"); buildoutgroup("Kinosternoidae"); openphylo("Dermatemydidae"); closephylo("Kinosternidae"); buildoutgroup("Chelonioidea"); openphylo("Cheloniidae"); closephylo("Dermochelidae"); closephylo("Cheyldridae"); buildendoutgroup("Pluerodira"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Pelomedusidae"); closephylo("Podocnemidae"); closephylo("Chelidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Proganochelydae"); } closephylo("$extinct Pareiasauridae"); //closing testudines closephylo("$extinct Procolophonidae"); closephylo("$extinct Bolosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Millerettidae"); closephylo("$extinct Mesosauridae"); closeoutgroup(); // close sauropsida } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Synapsida",21)); if ($_REQUEST['21']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Therapsida"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Theriodontia"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Cynodontia"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Mammalia",22)); if ($_REQUEST['22']!="") { openphylo("Theria"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Eutheriaepitheria",23)); if ($_REQUEST['23']!="") { openphylo("Placentalia"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Boreoeutheria",24)); if ($_REQUEST['24']!="") { openphylo(cladecollapse("Laurasiatheria",25)); if ($_REQUEST['25']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Ferungulata"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Cetartiodactyla",26)); if ($_REQUEST['26']!="") { openphylo("Selenodontia"); openphylo("Neoselenodontia"); openphylo("Tylopoda"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Cetacea",27)); if ($_REQUEST['27']!="") { //Cetacea openphylo("Archaeoceti"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Autoceta"); openphylo("Mysticeti"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Balaenopteridae"); closephylo("Eschrichtidae"); closephylo("Neobalaenidae"); closephylo("Balaenidae"); buildendoutgroup("Odontoceti"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Delphinida"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Delphinoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Delphinidae"); closephylo("Phocoenidae"); closephylo("Monodontidae"); closephylo("Iniidae"); buildendoutgroup("Platanistoidea"); singlephylo("Platanistidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Ziphoidea"); singlephylo("Ziphiidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Physeteroidea"); singlephylo("Physeteridae"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Basilosauridae"); closephylo("$extinct Dorudon"); closephylo("$extinct Protocetus"); closephylo("$extinct Cross Whale"); closephylo("$extinct Remingtonocetus"); closephylo("$extinct Ambulocetus"); closephylo("$extinct Pakicetus"); closephylo("$extinct Nalacetus"); } closephylo("Hippos (Hippopotamidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Ruminantia"); openphylo("Pecora"); openphylo("Cervoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Deer (Cervidae)"); closephylo("Musk Deer (Moschidae)"); closephylo("Cows, antelope, etc. (Bovidae)"); closephylo("Giraffes (Giraffidae)"); closephylo("Pronghorn (Antilocapridae)"); closephylo("Chevrotains (Tragulidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Camels, Lama, and alpacas (Camelidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Suina"); openphylo("Pigs (Suidae)"); closephylo("Peccaries (Tayassuidae)"); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Carnivora",28)); if ($_REQUEST['28']!="") { //Carnivora openphylo("Caniformiadogs"); openphylo("Arctoideabears"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Musteloidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Racoons (Procyonidae)"); closephylo("Weasels and Otters (Mustelidae)"); closephylo("Skunks (Mephitidae)"); closephylo("Red Panda (Ailuridae)"); buildendoutgroup("Pinnipedia"); openphylo("Otarioidea"); openphylo("Sea Lions (Otariidae)"); closephylo("Walruses (Odobenidae)"); closephylo("Seals (Phocidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Ursidaebears"); closephylo("Canidaedogs"); buildendoutgroup("Feliformiacats"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Mongooses and meerkats (Herpestidae)"); closephylo("Madagascar mongooses (Eupleridae)"); closephylo("Hyenas (Hyaenidae)"); closephylo("Civets (Vivveridae)"); closephylo("Felidaecats"); closephylo("African Palm Civet (Nandiniidae)"); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup("Pholidota"); singlephylo("Pangolins (Manidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Perissodactyla",29)); if ($_REQUEST['29']!="") { //Perissodactyls openphylo("Lophodontomorpha"); openphylo("Hippomorpha"); singlephylo("Equidaehorse"); buildendoutgroup("Tapirmorpha"); openphylo("Ceratomorpha"); openphylo("Rhinoceros (Rhinocerotidae)"); closephylo("Tapiridae"); closephylo("$extinct Chalicotheriidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("? $extinct Brontotheroidea"); } closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Chiropterabats",30)); if ($_REQUEST['30']!="") { //Bats openphylo("Microchiroptera"); openphylo("Yangchiroptera"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae)"); closephylo("Naked-backed bats (Mormoopidae)"); closephylo("Fishing bats (Noctilionidae)"); closephylo("Short-tailed bats (Mystacinidae)"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Funnel-eared bats (Natalidae)"); closephylo("Smoky bats (Furipteridae)"); closephylo("Disk-winged bats (Thyropteridae)"); closephylo("Sucker-footed bat (Myzopodidae)"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Free-tailed bats (Molossidae)"); closephylo("Vespertilionidae"); closephylo("Sac-winged bats (Emballonuridae)"); buildendoutgroup("Yinchiroptera"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Horseshoe bats (Rhinolophidae)"); closephylo("Leaf-nosed and roundleaf bats (Hipposideridae)"); closephylo("False vampire bats (Megadermatidae)"); closephylo("Slit-faced bats (Nycteridae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Hog-nosed bat (Craseonycteridae)"); closephylo("Mouse-tailed bats (Rhinopomatidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Megachiroptera"); singlephylo("Fruit Bats (Pteropodidae)"); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Lipotyphla",31)); if ($_REQUEST['31']!="") { // Insectivores openphylo("Soricomorpha"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Erinaceomorpha"); singlephylo("Hedgehogs and Gymnures (Erinaceidae)"); closephylo("Shrews (Soricidae)"); closephylo("Moles, shew-moles, and desmans (Talpidae)"); closephylo("Solenodons (Solenodontidae)"); } closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Euarchontoglires",32)); if ($_REQUEST['32']!="") { openphylo("Archonta"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Scandentia"); openphylo("Tree-shrews (Tupaiidae)"); closephylo("Pen-tailed tree-shrews (Ptilocercidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Dermoptera"); singlephylo("Colugos / \"Flying Lemurs\" (Cynocephalidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Primates",33)); if ($_REQUEST['33']!="") { //Primates openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Haplorhini"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Simiiformesmonkey,monkeys,anthropoidea,simians"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Catarrhini",34)); if($_REQUEST['34']!="") { openphylo("Hominoideaapes"); openphylo("Great Apes (Hominidae)"); openphylo("Homininae"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Homonini",35)); if($_REQUEST['35']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Homohumans"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Modern Humans (H. sapiens)homo"); //Find authority: h. idaltu, h. floresiensis closephylo("Neanderthals (H. neanderthalensis)homo"); closephylo("$extinct H. ergasterhomo"); closephylo("$extinct H. rudolfensishomo"); closephylo("$extinct H. habilishomo"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Kenyanthropus"); closephylo("$extinct Paranthropus"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Australopithecus"); closephylo("$extinct Praeanthropus"); closephylo("$extinct Ardipithecus"); closephylo("Chimps and Bonobos (Pan)troglodytes"); } closephylo("Gorillas (Gorilla)"); closephylo("Orang-utans (Ponginae)orangutan"); closephylo("Gibbons (Hylobatidae)"); closephylo("Old World monkeys (Cercopithecoidea)"); } buildendoutgroup("New World monkeys (Platyrrhini)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Pitheciidae"); closephylo("Atelidae"); closephylo("Cebidae"); closephylo("Aotidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Tarsiiformes"); singlephylo("Tarsiers (Tarsiidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Omomyidae"); buildendoutgroup("Strepsirrhini"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Lemuriformes"); openphylo("Lemuroidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Lemurs (Lemuridae)"); closephylo("Sportive lemurs (Lepilemuridae)"); closephylo("Indriidae"); buildendoutgroup("Cheirogaleoidea"); singlephylo("Dwarf and mouse lemurs (Cheirogaleoidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildoutgroup("Lorisiformes"); openphylo("Lorises (Lorisidae)"); closephylo("Galagos (Galagidae)"); closephylo("? Aye-aye (Daubentoniidae)"); closephylo("$extinct Adapiformes"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Plesiadapiformes"); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Glires",36)); if ($_REQUEST['36']!="") { openphylo(cladecollapse("Rodentia",37)); if ($_REQUEST['37']!="") { //Rodents openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Myodonta"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Mice and Rats (Muridae)"); closephylo("Mole Rats (Spalacidae)"); closephylo("Jerboas (Dipodidae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Geomyoidea"); openphylo("Pocket gophers (Geomyidae)"); closephylo("Pocket mice (Heteromyidae)"); closephylo("Beavers (Castoridae)"); buildendoutgroup("Anomoluromorpha"); openphylo("Springhare (Pedetidae)"); closephylo("Scaly-tailed flying squirrels (Anomoluridae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Ctenohystrica"); openphylo("Hystricognathi"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Phiomorpha"); openphylo("Cane rats (Thryonomyidae)"); closephylo("Dassie Rat (Petromuridae)"); closephylo("Dune mole rats (Bathyergidae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Caviomorpha"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("New-world porcupines (Erethizontidae)"); closephylo("Chinchillas (Chinchillidae)"); closephylo("Guinea Pigs, Capybaras, etc. (Caviidae)"); closephylo("Spiny-tailed rat (Echimyidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Long-tailed porcupine (Hystricidae)"); closephylo("Gundi (Ctenodactylidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Sciurimorpha"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Squirrels (Sciuridae)"); closephylo("Mountain beavers (Aplodontidae)"); closephylo("Dormice (Gliridae)"); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup("Rabbits (Lagomorpha)"); openphylo("Rabbits and Hares (Leporidae)"); closephylo("Pikas (Ochotonidae)"); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup("Atlantogenata"); ///////////////////Begin inside Atlantogenata openphylo(cladecollapse("Afrotheria",38)); if ($_REQUEST['38']!="") { openphylo("Paenungulata"); openphylo("Tethytheria"); openphylo("Hyracoidea"); singlephylo("Hyraxes (Procaviidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Sirenia"); openphylo("Manatees (Trichechidae)"); closephylo("Dugong (Dugongidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Proboscidea"); openphylo("Elephantiformes"); singleoutgroup("Elephantoidea"); openphylo("Euelephantoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Elephants (Elephantidae)mammoths"); closephylo("$extinct Gomphotheriidae"); closephylo("$extinct Ambelodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Mastodons (Mammutidea)"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Deinotheriidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Tenrecoidea"); singleoutgroup("Afrosoricida"); openphylo("Tenrecs (Tenrecidae)"); closephylo("Golden Moles (Chrysochloridae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Tubulidentata"); singlephylo("Aardvarks (Orycteropodidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Macroscelidea"); singlephylo("Elephant Shrews (Macroscelididae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Xenarthra",39)); if ($_REQUEST['39']!="") { openphylo("Armadillos (Cingulata)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Glyptodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Pampatheriidae"); closephylo("Extant Armadillos (Dasypodidae)"); closephylo("$extinct Peltephilidae"); buildendoutgroup("Pilosa"); openphylo("Sloths (Phyllophaga)Folivora"); openphylo("Folivora"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Megatheriidae"); closephylo("$extinct Nothrotheriidae"); closephylo("Two-toed sloths (Megalonychidae)"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Scelidotheriidae"); closephylo("$extinct Mylodontidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Three-toed sloths (Bradypodidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Anteaters (Vermilingua)"); openphylo("True Anteaters (Myrmecophagidae)"); closephylo("Silky Anteater (Cyclopedidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); ////////////// End Inside Unnamed closeoutgroup(); // Unnamed closephylo("$extinct Eomaia"); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Metatheria",40)); if ($_REQUEST['40']!="") { openphylo("Marsupialiamarsupial"); openphylo("Ameridelphia"); openphylo("Didelphimorphia"); singleoutgroup("Didelphoidea"); singlephylo("Opossums (Didelphidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Paucituberculata"); singlephylo("Shew Opossums (Caenolestidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Australidelphia",41)); if($_REQUEST['41']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Dasyuromorphia"); openphylo("Tasmanian Devil and relatives (Dasyuridae)"); buildoutgroup("Numbat (Myrmecobiidae)"); closephylo("$extinct Tasmanian Wolf (Thylacinidae)"); buildoutgroup("Peramelemorphia"); singleoutgroup("Perameloidea"); openphylo("Bandicoots (Peramelidae)"); closephylo("Bilbies (Thylacomyidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildoutgroup("Notoryctemorphia"); singlephylo("Marsupial moles (Notoryctidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Microbiotheria"); singlephylo("Monito del Monte (Microbiotheriidae)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Diprotodontia"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Phalangeriformes^*"); openphylo("Feather-tailed glider and possum (Acrobatidae)"); buildoutgroup("Pygmy possums (Burramyidae)"); buildoutgroup("Ringtail possums (Pseudocheiridae)"); buildoutgroup("Petauridae"); closephylo("Possums (Phalangeridae)"); buildoutgroup("Vombatiformes"); openphylo("Wombats (Vombatidae)"); closephylo("Koalas (Phascolarctidae)"); closephylo("Noolbenger (Tarsipedidae)"); buildendoutgroup("Macropodiformes"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Musky rat-kangaroo (Hypsiprymnodontidae)"); closephylo("Potoroos and bettongs (Potoroidae)"); closephylo("Kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Deltatheroida"); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Prototheriamonotremata,monotreme"); openphylo("Platypus (Ornithorynchidae)"); closephylo("Echidnas (Tachyglossidae)"); closeoutgroup(); } closephylo("$extinct Tritheledontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Therocephalia"); // closephylo("$extinct Gogonopsiagorgonopsid,gorgonopsids,gorgonopsida"); closephylo("$extinct Dicynodontia"); closephylo("$extinct Dinocephalia"); closephylo("$extinct Biarmosuchia"); closephylo("$extinct Sphenacodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Edaphosauridaedimetrodon,pelycosaur"); closephylo("$extinct Ophiacodontidae"); closephylo("$extinct Varanopseidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("$extinct Eothyrididae"); closephylo("$extinct Caseidae"); closeoutgroup(); } closeoutgroup(); } // ROO\T_JUMP 1 buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Lissamphibiaamphibians",42)); if ($_REQUEST['42']!="") { openphylo("Salientia"); //begin untabbed openphylo("Batrachia"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Frogs (Anura)",43)); if ($_REQUEST['43']!="") { //Frogs openphylo("Leiopelmatanura"); openphylo("Bombinanura"); openphylo("Discoglossanura"); openphylo("Pipanura"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Neobatrachia",44)); if ($_REQUEST['44']!="") { //neobatrachia openphylo("Ranoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Ranidae^*"); buildoutgroup("Rhacophoridae"); closephylo("Mantellidae"); buildoutgroup("Arthroleptidae"); buildoutgroup("Dendrobatidae"); buildoutgroup("Hemisotidae"); buildoutgroup("Microhylidae"); buildoutgroup("Hyperoliidae"); closephylo("Petropedetidae"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Myobatrachidae"); closephylo("Sooglossidae"); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Allophrynidae"); closephylo("Centrolenidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Hylidae^*"); closephylo("Pseudidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildoutgroup("Brachycephalidea"); buildoutgroup("Bufonidae"); buildoutgroup("Helophyrnidae"); buildoutgroup("Leptodactylidae^*"); closephylo("Rhinodermatidae"); } buildendoutgroup("Mesobatrachia"); openphylo("Pelobatoidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Pelodytidae"); closephylo("Pelobatidae"); closephylo("Megophryidae"); buildendoutgroup("Pipoidea"); openphylo("Pipidae"); closephylo("Rhinophrynidae"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Discoglossidae"); closephylo("Bombinatoridae"); closephylo("Leiopelmatidae"); closephylo("Ascaphidae"); } buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Salamanders (Urodela)",45)); if ($_REQUEST['45']!="") { //Salamanders openphylo("Neocaudata"); openphylo("Salamandroidea"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Ambystomatidae"); closephylo("Dicamptodontidae"); closephylo("Salamandridae"); closephylo("Proteidae"); closephylo("Rhyacotritonidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Amphiumidae"); closephylo("Plethodontidae"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Cryptobranchoidea"); openphylo("Cryptobranchidae"); closephylo("Hynobiidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Sirenidae"); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Cacaelians (Gymnophiona)",46)); if ($_REQUEST['46']!="") { //gymnophiona openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Scolecomorphidae"); buildoutgroup("Caeciliidae^*"); closephylo("Typhlonectidae"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Ichtyophiidae"); closephylo("Uraeotyphlidae"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Rhinaterematidae"); } closeoutgroup(); // end uncorrected tabs closephylo("$extinct Albanerpetontidae"); } closeoutgroup(); closephylo("$extinct Tulerpeton"); closephylo("$extinct Ichthyostega"); closephylo("$extinct Acanthostega"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); // closing tetrapods openphylo("$extinct Ventastega"); closephylo("$extinct Metaxygnathus"); closeoutgroup(); } closephylo("Lungfishes (Dipnoi)"); buildendoutgroup(cladecollapse("Ray-finned Fishes (Actinopterygii)",47)); if ($_REQUEST['47']!="") { openphylo("Neopterygii"); openphylo("Teleostei^*"); openphylo("Elopocephala"); openphylo("Clupeocephala"); openphylo("Euteleostei"); openphylo("Neognathi"); closephylo("Salmon and relatives (Salmoniformes)"); closephylo("Otocephala"); closephylo("Eels and relatives (Elopomorpha)"); closephylo("Osteoglossomorpha"); closephylo("Pachycormidae"); closephylo("Cheirolepididae"); } closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Cartilaginous Fishes (Chondrichthyes)"); openphylo("Sharks and Rays (Neoselachii)"); closephylo("Holocephali"); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Jawless Fishes (Agnatha)"); closephylo("Tunicata"); closephylo("Sea stars, urchins, and cucumbers (Echinodermata)"); buildendoutgroup("Protostomes"); openphylo("Ecdysozoa"); openphylo("Arthropoda"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Hexapoda",48)); if ($_REQUEST['48']!="") { openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Insecta (Entognatha)insects"); openphylo("Dicondylia"); openphylo("Pterygota"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo(cladecollapse("Neoptera",49)); if ($_REQUEST['49']!="") { openphylo("Endopterygota"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Coleopterabeetle,beetles"); buildendoutgroup("Neuropterida"); openphylo("Lacewings (Neuroptera)"); buildoutgroup("Dobsonflies (Megaloptera)"); closephylo("Snakeflies (Raphidioptera)"); closeoutgroup(); buildoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Hymenopterabee,ant,wasp"); buildendoutgroup("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Amphiesmenoptera"); openphylo("Lepidopterabutterfly,butterflies,moth"); closephylo("Caddisflies (Trichoptera)"); buildendoutgroup("Antliophora"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Fleas (Siphonaptera)"); closephylo("Scorpionflies (Mecoptera)*"); closephylo("Flies (Diptera)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closephylo("Twisted-wing parasites (Strepsiptera)"); buildoutgroup("Paraneoptera"); openphylo("Condylognatha"); openphylo("Hemiptera"); closephylo("Thrips (Thysanoptera)"); buildendoutgroup("Psocodea"); openphylo("Bark lice (Psocoptera)*"); closephylo("Lice (Phthiraptera)"); closeoutgroup(); //extra indent from collapsed node buildendoutgroup("Polyneoptera"); openphylo("Dictyoptera"); openphylo("(Unnamed)"); openphylo("Termites (Isoptera)"); closephylo("Cockroaches (Blattodea)"); closephylo("Mantids (Mantodea)"); buildendoutgroup("Anartioptera"); openphylo("Polyplecoptera"); singleoutgroup("Plecopterida"); openphylo("Mystroptera"); openphylo("Zoroptera"); singlephylo("Zorotypidae"); closephylo("Webspinners (Embiidina)"); closephylo("Stoneflies (Plecoptera)"); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Polyorthoptera"); openphylo("Dermapterida"); singlephylo("Earwigs (Dermaptera)"); buildendoutgroup("Orthopterida"); openphylo("Notopterodea"); singleoutgroup("Notoptera"); openphylo("Rock Crawlers (Grylloblattodea)"); singlephylo("Grylloblattidae"); buildendoutgroup("Gladiators (Mantophasmatodea)"); singlephylo("Mantophasmatidae"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); buildendoutgroup("Panorthoptera");// openphylo("Holophasmatodea"); singlephylo("Walking Sticks (Phasmatodea)"); closephylo("Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Katydids (Orthoptera)"); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); closeoutgroup(); //extra indent from collapsed node closeoutgroup(); } closephylo("Dragonflies (Odonata)"); closephylo("Mayflies (Ephemeroptera)"); closephylo("Silverfish (Zygentoma)"); closephylo("Bristletails (Archaeognatha)"); closephylo("Diplura"); closephylo("Springtails (Collembola)"); closephylo("Protura"); } buildoutgroup("Chelicerata"); openphylo("Arachnidaspiders,scorpions"); closephylo("Xiphosura"); buildoutgroup("Myriapodacentipedes,millipedes"); buildoutgroup("Crustaceacrustacean,shrimp,lobster,crab"); closephylo("$extinct Trilobitomorpha"); closephylo("Roundworms (Nematoda)"); buildoutgroup("Lophotrochozoa"); openphylo("Snails, clams, squid, etc (Mollusca)octopus,oyster"); closephylo("Segmented worms (Annelida)"); closephylo("Flatworms and relatives (Platyzoa)"); closeoutgroup(); /* END_PHYLO_BREAK */ ?>

 

Phylogeny after

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